Fig. 10

Induction of apoptosis (a) and necrosis (b) after treatment with CuO NP, CuO MP and CuCl2. BEAS-2B cells were treated with the different copper compounds for 48 h. Shown are mean values of four determinations derived from two independent experiments + SD. Statistically significant different from control: *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001 (ANOVA-Dunnett’s T test). 20 μg/mL CuO are equal to 252 μM Cu2+. n.d.: not determined