Impact of copper oxide nanomaterials on differentiated and undifferentiated Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells; assessment of cytotoxicity, barrier integrity, cytokine production and nanomaterial penetration

Table 1 Hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and PdI values after dispersion of 50 μg/ml Cu of CuO NMs in complete cell culture medium

Time (h)	Hydrodynamic diameter (nm)	Zeta Potential	PdI
0	157.37 ± 29.44*	−7.38 ± 0.59	0.6 ± 0.07*
24	24.01 ± 0.56	−7.29 ± 0.05	0.42 ± 0.1

CuO NMs were dispersed in 2% FCS in water, sonicated and then diluted in complete cell culture medium and the hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and PdI were measured immediately (0 h) or following incubation at 37 °C, 5%, CO₂ and 95% humidity for 24 h. Data expressed as Mean ± SEM (n = 3). Asterisk (*) represents significance when incubation at time point 0 and 24 h are compared P < 0.05

ISSN: 1743-8977