Fig. 9

Summary of the vascular and redox dysfunction in the F1 generations after maternal nano-TIO₂ inhalation exposure. Direct hepatic and reproductive effects on the F0 dams is seen on the left. Endocrine and hepatic perturbations were observed in the F1 males as adults at 8 weeks of age, as well as in the females at GD 20. Additionally, kisspeptin increased vasoconstriction in the uterine artery at GD 20 in F1 females along with increased adrenergic response, H₂O₂ production, and tone. *p < 0.05 Sham-control group versus nano-TiO₂-exposed groups