Fig. 5

TiO₂ and CB nanoparticle interaction with PrP^C renders 1C11 and 1C11^5−HT neuronal cells highly sensitive to TNFα insult by promoting TNFR1 accumulation at the plasma membrane. a Kinetics of TNFR1 rise at the plasma membrane of 1C11 cells exposed to TiO₂- or CB-NPs (1 µg cm⁻²) and related quantification histogram of immunostained TNFR1. Scale bar = 10 µm. b Viability and c caspase-3 activation in 1C11 cells exposed to TiO₂- or CB-NPs (1 µg cm⁻²) in combination or not with TNFα (200 ng ml⁻¹). d TNFR1 expression level as assessed by RT-qPCR and Western-blotting in 1C11 cells exposed to TiO₂- or CB-NPs (1 µg cm⁻²) for 1 h. Vinculine was used for normalization. The experiments were performed three times in triplicates. Values are means ± SEM. *denotes p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 versus unexposed cells