Skip to main content
Fig. 8 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 8

From: Short- and long-term polystyrene nano- and microplastic exposure promotes oxidative stress and divergently affects skin cell architecture and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling

Fig. 8

Effects on fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) targets following NMP uptake in skin cells. a Study scheme. b qPCR-based gene expression analyses of biomarkers of FMT/EMT such as α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and fibronectin 1 (FN1) as well as of ECM component collagen 1A1 (COL1A1) and vimentin (VIM). Data were normalized to GAPDH/RLP13A and untreated controls (ctrl) and presented as mean + SEM. Statistical analysis was done by unpaired, two-tailed Student's t test (n ≥ 3) with *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, and ***p ≤ 0.001. c Subcellular distribution and expression of collagen I was analyzed using immunofluorescence microscopy. The cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue), and strong collagen I-positive cells were marked with arrowheads. Scale bars are 50 µm

Back to article page

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

ISSN: 1743-8977

Contact us