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Fig. 9 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 9

From: Short- and long-term polystyrene nano- and microplastic exposure promotes oxidative stress and divergently affects skin cell architecture and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling

Fig. 9

Effects of NMP acting on structural and signaling proteins of integrin adhesion complexes. a Study scheme. b Representative WES images and quantification of protein expression of focal adhesion kinase (Fak) and vinculin (Vcl) in skin cells. c Skin cells were grown on glass coverslips, incubated with NMP, fixed, and subjected to fluorescent labeling of vinculin after acute (top) and chronic exposure (bottom); arrowheads show vinculin-positive cellular protrusions. The cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars are 50 µm. d mRNA expression levels of several integrins (ITGA1/2/5/6, ITGB1) after single and repeated NMP exposure. For qPCR and WES, data were normalized either to GAPDH/RLP13A or Gapdh, respectively, and untreated controls (ctrl). Results were presented as mean + SEM. Statistical analysis was done by unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t test (n > 3) with *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, and ***p ≤ 0.001

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Particle and Fibre Toxicology

ISSN: 1743-8977

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