Fig. 5
Transcriptional regulation of neuronal morphological development-associated DEGs in male offspring following prenatal PM2.5 exposure. (a) The numbers of DEGs associated with the morphological development of axons, dendrites, and synapses at different windows, with genes selected based on FDR < 0.05. (b-d) PPI of DEGs associated with axons, dendrites, and synapses on PNDs 1, 7 and 21, with inner circles representing the hub genes. (e) The upstream transcriptional factors of the hub genes on PNDs 1, 7 and 21. (f) Relative mRNA levels of C/EBPbeta, cFos and Hoxa5 on PNDs 1, 7 and 21 (n = 4–6 from 4–6 litters). (g) Immunofluorescence staining of HOXA5 (red fluorescence) on PNDs 1, 7 and 21, with neurons stained with NeuN (green fluorescence) and nuclei fluorescence) and nuclei stained with DAPI (blue fluorescence) (n = 3 from 3 litters), Bar = 50 μm. (h) Quantification of the immunofluorescence intensity of Hoxa5 on PNDs 1, 7 and 21. (i) A diagram showing the binding sites of Hoxa5 with the hub genes on PNDs 1, 7 and 21 using the JASPAR database