Fig. 8From: Food-grade titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles induce toxicity and cardiac damage after oral exposure in ratsNanoparticles altered cardiac mitochondrial function. Oxygen consumption was used to evaluate heart function. States 3 and 4 of respiration were measured. Respiratory control index (RC) was calculated as the ratio between state 3 and state 4 rates. The ADP/O ratio, was calculated after addition of 200 µM ADP measuring the amount of oxygen consumed during State 3. Mean ± SD of four rats is shown. * p < 0.05 versus controlBack to article page