Fig. 2

Identification of cytotoxic effects in macrophages induced by PSNPs. (A) Comparison of the time and dose effects on the viability of RAW 264.7 cells by 20 nm, 100 nm and 1 μm PS particles. Asterisks indicate significant differences from the control group. (B) Effect of 20 nm PSNPs (50 µg/mL) on the viability of RAW 264.7, BMDMs, peritoneal macrophages, J774A.1 cells and THP-1 cells after 4 h exposure. (C) LDH release in RAW 264.7 cells treated with 20 nm PSNPs at the indicated concentrations or for the indicated time. The results are presented as the mean ± S.D. n = 3, N.S., no significance. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01